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Retinitis Pigmentosa Treatment in India – A Vision to go Ahead

Overview

The human body is made of a very complex mechanism that helps in performing various everyday tasks and also assists in the maintenance. It is said if the eye was counted in the pixels of camera, then the clarity of the eye will be something around 576 megapixels. Eye is the organ that shows us all that exists in this world. The surreal beauty and the wonders that the eye helps us in seeing cannot be described in mere words.

What is Retinitis Pigmentosa (RP)?

Retinitis Pigmentosa (sometimes also referred to as rod cone dystrophy) is used for the classification of a group of rare inherited disorders that affect the eye and may eventually lead to the loss in eye sight.

This disease is specific in affecting the retina of the eye. Retina is a thin light-sensitive tissue membrane located in the back of the eye. It interprets the image formed by the reflection and the refraction of the light and sends it to the brain. This disease is generally inherited from one’s own parents. The harmful mutation of more than one out of fifty genes is usually involved in this disorder.

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What exactly happens in Retinitis Pigmentosa?

This disorder changes how the light perceived by the eyes and it also influences the way retina responds to light. The genes involved in the mutation process contain the instructions for making proteins that are needed by the cells located in the retina. These cells are called photo-receptors. Some of the mutation that occurs drastically transforms the function of the genes that they can’t even make the required protein properly which further limits the functions of the cells. The mutation may sometimes even produce a type of toxin that may be harmful to the cells or they may produce a type of protein that does not even function properly at all.

Because of the above scenario, the result may be damage to the photoreceptors in the retina. This in turn will cease the function of the photoreceptors. This progression in the retinal degeneration may lead to a complete loss of vision and/or night vision difficulties, further leading to central vision loss.

How is vision affected by Retinitis Pigmentosa?

There are two types of photoreceptor cells in the eyes that help in the gathering of the light: rod cells and cone cells. The rod cells are first affected by this condition causing them to degenerate. As the rod cells help in vision at the night and the peripheral vision, these two are the first to get impacted and the patient will lose proper vision at night along with the side view vision. After the rod cells die, cone cells are next to follow. The cone cells require more light in comparison to the rod cells and help in the perceiving of colours and fine details by the eye. The perpetual loss in the rod cells leads to the eventual breakdown and loss of the cone cells as well. In the final stages, after the death of both the cone and the rod cells, loss of central vision and loss of colour perception follows suit. This in turn leads to the loss of the visual field and the patient then starts to develop tunnel vision.

Cost of Retinitis Pigmentosa Treatment in India

The average Cost of Retinitis Pigmentosa Treatment in India is around Rs.2,00,000 ($2,500) to Rs.3,20,000 ($4,000). The cost depends on several factors like the type of procedure, surgeon's fees, hospital charges and other associated costs.

List of Best Hospitals for Retinitis Pigmentosa in India

List of Top Retinitis Pigmentosa Surgeons in India

Request your appointment with the Top Retinitis Pigmentosa Surgeons in India at the Best Retinitis Pigmentosa Transplant Hospitals in India.

Diagnosis of Retinitis Pigmentosa

The symptoms for retinitis pigmentosa may be observed at a very young age as it usually occurs during childhood. The night vision may start to diminish and the field of vision may begin to narrow early on. Retinitis pigmentosa can be diagnosed and measured using various different methods

• Visual Field Testing: It is a well-known fact that retinitis pigmentosa affects the side vision or the peripheral vision. Visual field testing is generally used to measure the side vision of a person and to also determine whether there is a development of blind spots present in the eye.
• Genetic Testing: In this test, the medical experts take a look at the patient’s blood sample or tissue sample to determine whether the genes in the body have any association to the disease. This test may also help in determining the course of action required to tackle the disorder depending on the severity of the disease.
• Optical Coherence Tomography (OCT): This is an imaging test and it is used to take highly detailed pictures of the retina. This test will help in the diagnosis of retinitis pigmentosa and find out how it is affecting the retina. This test is often referred as OCT test or OCT scan.
• Electro-retinography: This procedure is used to measure the electrical activity in the retina of the eye and helps determine how well the retina reacts to the light. Electro-retinography works like electro-cardiography which is used to measure the health and activity of the heart.
• Opthalmoscope: In this test, the doctors use eye drops to widen the eye which will enable them to get a better look into the eye and at the retina. The doctor will then proceed to have a look at the eyes using ophthalmoscope – a handheld tool used to look at the inside of the eye. This will help in determining whether the patient has RP or not. If the patient is suffering from RP, there will be a particular pattern of dark spots on the retina.

Retinitis Pigmentosa Treatment

• Preliminary treatment: As of yet, there has not been a single treatment or procedure made available to completely cure Retinitis pigmentosa. The doctors and researchers around the world are trying to find the best possible treatment for the complete eradication of RP. Right now, there are some procedures that are instilled to mostly stop further degeneration of the eye and preserve the vision that is left. Some of these procedures are
• Vitamin A Palmitate: A high dose of this compound can help slow the progression of RP each year. But extreme caution is to be taken as high doses are toxic and may turn out to be lethal.
• Retinal Implant: If the progression of retinitis pigmentosa is in its final stages, then the patient may be suggested to undergo retinal implant surgery to salvage whatever sight that is left so they may have at least partial vision. The implant in the eye is paired with glasses and equipped with a camera. The images taken by the camera are converted into electrical pulses that are then sent to the retina.
• Sunglasses: These may not help in reducing or curing the disease, but they will help with the patient’s vision. As a patient suffering from RP has light sensitive vision, this method may avoid further damage of the retina by avoiding the harmful ultraviolet ray of the sun.
• Acetozolamide: In the final stages of this disease, the central area of the retina swells up causing the narrowing or the tunneling of vision. This phenomenon is called macular edema and this may also reduce vision. Acetazolamide is a medication that can help reduce swelling and improve the vision.
• Retinitis Pigmentosa Treatment with Stem Cell Therapy: Stem cell treatment is a medical procedure that is gaining a lot of support and friction recently. This procedure is used to preserve and also restore vision in people suffering from RP. The procedures done on several patients have shown highly favourable results. This process involves injecting retinal progenitors (stem cells that are in the process of becoming retinal cells) into the vitreous (the gel-like substance present in the middle of the eye). These cells release proteins that keep the patient’s existing vision and prevent their degeneration. This treatment was considered experimental for a long time, but recently it has gained mainstream popularity among the general public because of its potential applications for curing incurable diseases. A recent study involving some patients with RP concluded that at least 70% of the patients were able to regain most of their vision and almost everyone regained partial or some vision. Further research in this field may increase the chance of curing diseases and may also completely cure disorders.

Why should you have your treatment for Retinitis Pigmentosa in India?

India is gaining fame recently for being the best place to undergo any medical procedure. The medical facilities available in India have seen drastic improvements and the advancements in the technology places it in the league of the developed nations, if not a bit above them. The hospitals in India are stacked with the best equipments required to deal with any form of aliment or disorder. The retinitis Pigmentosa surgeons in India are all immensely experienced in their respective disciplines having performed complex procedures in countries like Canada, USA, UK, France, Germany, Netherlands and many more. All of the best advanced facilities that can be obtained in western nations is available in India but at just a fraction of the cost in those countries.

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